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README file for |
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Bywater BASIC Interpreter, version 3.20 |
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--------------------------------------------- |
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Copyright (c) 1993, Ted A. Campbell |
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for bwBASIC version 2.10, 11 October 1993 |
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Version 2.20 modifications by Jon B. Volkoff, |
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25 November 1995 |
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Patch level 1 release by Jon B. Volkoff, |
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15 March 1996 |
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Patch level 2 release by Jon B. Volkoff, |
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11 October 1997 |
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Version 2.30 modifications by Paul Edwards, |
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5 March 2008 |
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Version 2.40 modifications by Paul Edwards, |
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26 Jan 2009 |
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Version 2.50 modifications by Paul Edwards, |
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4 June 2009 |
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Version 2.60 modifications by Paul Edwards, |
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6 November 2012 |
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Version 2.61 modifications by Paul Edwards, |
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4 August 2014 |
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Version 3.00 modifications by Howard Wulf, AF5NE |
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12 May 2015 |
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Version 3.10 modifications by Howard Wulf, AF5NE |
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27 July 2016 |
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Version 3.20 modifications by Howard Wulf, AF5NE |
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4 June 2017 |
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DESCRIPTION: |
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The Bywater BASIC Interpreter (bwBASIC) implements a large |
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superset of the ANSI Standard for Minimal BASIC (X3.60-1978), |
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a significant subset of the ANSI Standard for Full BASIC |
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(X3.113-1987), and many classic BASIC dialects in C. bwBASIC |
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seeks to be as portable as possible. |
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This version of Bywater BASIC is released under the terms of the |
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GNU General Public License (GPL), which is distributed with this |
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software in the file "COPYING". The GPL specifies the terms |
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under which users may copy and use the software in this distribution. |
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A separate license is available for commercial distribution, |
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for information on which you should contact the author. |
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OBTAINING THE SOURCE CODE: |
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The source code for bwBASIC is available from |
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http://bwbasic.sourceforge.net |
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COMMUNICATIONS: |
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email: tcamp@delphi.com (for Ted Campbell) |
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eidetics@cerf.net (for Jon Volkoff) |
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mutazilah@gmail.com (for Paul Edwards) |
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A LIST OF BASIC COMMANDS AND FUNCTIONS IMPLEMENTED in bwBASIC: |
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The complete list of over 500 commands, functions and operators is |
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in the file "ALL.txt" in the DOCS directory. Documentation for each |
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dialect is also in the DOCS directory. Be aware that the commands, |
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functions and operators available depend upon the particular BASIC |
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dialect selected using the OPTION VERSION command. |
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CHANGE HISTORY |
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CHANGES FROM 3.10 to 3.20 |
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* Implements most of the following BASIC dialects: |
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OPTION VERSION "BYWATER" ' Bywater BASIC 3 |
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OPTION VERSION "BYWATER-2" ' Bywater BASIC 2 |
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OPTION VERSION "CALL/360" ' SBC CALL/360 Mainframe BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "CBASIC-II" ' CBASIC-II for CP/M |
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OPTION VERSION "DARTMOUTH" ' Dartmouth DTSS BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "ECMA-55" ' ANSI Minimal BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "ECMA-116" ' ANSI Full BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "GCOS" ' GE 600 Mainframe BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "HAARDT" ' bas 2.4 by Michael Haardt |
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OPTION VERSION "HANDBOOK1" ' The BASIC Handbook, 1st Edition |
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OPTION VERSION "HANDBOOK2" ' The BASIC Handbook, 2nd Edition |
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OPTION VERSION "HEATH" ' Heath Benton Harbor BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "MARK-I" ' GE 265 Mainframe BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "MARK-II" ' GE 435 Mainframe BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "MBASIC" ' Microsoft BASIC-80 for Xenix |
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OPTION VERSION "PDP-8" ' DEC PDP-8 BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "PDP-11" ' DEC PDP-11 BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "RBASIC" ' Micronics RBASIC for 6809 FLEX |
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OPTION VERSION "RSTS-11" ' DEC RSTS-11 BASIC-PLUS |
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OPTION VERSION "SYSTEM/360" ' IBM System/360 Mainframe BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "SYSTEM/370" ' IBM System/370 Mainframe BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "TRS-80" ' TRS-80 Model I/III/4 LBASIC |
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OPTION VERSION "VINTAGE" ' Vintage BASIC 1.0.1 |
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OPTION VERSION "XBASIC" ' TSC XBASIC for 6800 FLEX |
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* CONST variable [, ...] = value |
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Assigns the value to variable. |
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Any later assignment to the variable causus a VARIABLE NOT DECLARED error. |
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* DIM now supports lower and upper bounds. |
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OPTION BASE 1 |
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DIM X( 9 ) ' lower bound is 1 |
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DIM Y( 5 TO 9 ) ' lower bound is 5 |
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* DIM now supports virtual variables. |
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OPTION BASE 1 |
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OPEN "VIRTUAL.DAT" FOR VIRTUAL AS # 3 ' virtual data file |
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DIM # 3, A( 1000 ) ' array is virtual |
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LET A( 1000 ) = 0 ' value is written to the file |
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LET X = A( 1000 ) ' value is read from the file |
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CLOSE # 3 ' array is no longer valid |
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* ERROR 27, "Bad DATA" |
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Occurs when the READ command detects garbage in a DATA command. |
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* INPUT LINE |
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Same as LINE INPUT. |
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* MAT now supports lower and upper bounds. |
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OPTION BASE 1 |
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MAT X( 9 ) = ZER ' lower bound is 1 |
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MAT Y( 5 TO 9 ) = ZER ' lower bound is 5 |
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MAT X = ZER( 9 ) ' lower bound is 1 |
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MAT Y - ZER( 5 TO 9 ) ' lower bound is 5 |
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* MAXLEN() |
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Returns the maximum string length. |
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* OPTION DIGITS integer |
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Sets the number of significant digits for PRINT. |
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Setting the value to zero restores the default. |
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* OPTION EDIT string$ |
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Sets the program name used by the EDIT command. |
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Setting this to "" disables EDIT command. |
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* OPTION FILES string$ |
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Sets the program name used by the FILES command. |
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Setting this to "" disables FILES command. |
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* OPTION PROMPT string$ |
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Sets the prompt. |
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* OPTION PUNCT AT char$ |
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Sets the PRINT AT character, commonly "@". |
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Setting this to "" disables PRINT AT. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT BYTE char$ |
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Sets the BYTE type suffix, commonly "~". |
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Setting this to "" disables BYTE suffix. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT COMMENT char$ |
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Sets the trailing COMMENT character, commonly "'". |
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Setting this to "" disables trailing comments. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT CURRENCY char$ |
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Sets the CURRENCY type suffix, commonly "@". |
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Setting this to "" disables CURRENCY suffix. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT DOUBLE char$ |
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Sets the DOUBLE type suffix, commonly "#". |
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Setting this to "" disables DOUBLE suffix. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT FILENUM char$ |
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Sets the FILE NUMBER prefix, commonly "#". |
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Setting this to "" disables the FILE NUMBER prefix. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT IMAGE char$ |
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Sets the shortcut IMAGE character, commonly ":". |
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Setting this to "" disables the shortcut IMAGE character. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT INPUT char$ |
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Sets the shortcut INPUT character, commonly "!". |
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Setting this to "" disables the shortcut INPUT character. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT INTEGER char$ |
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Sets the INTEGER type suffix, commonly "%". |
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Setting this to "" disables INTEGER suffix. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT LONG char$ |
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Sets the LONG type suffix, commonly "&". |
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Setting this to "" disables LONG suffix. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT LPAREN char$ |
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Sets the LEFT PARENTHESIS character, commonly "(". |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT PRINT char$ |
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Sets the shortcut PRINT character, commonly "?". |
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Setting this to "" disables the shortcut PRINT character. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT QUOTE char$ |
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Sets the QUOTE character, commonly """". |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT RPAREN char$ |
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Sets the RIGHT PARENTHESIS character, commonly ")". |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT SINGLE char$ |
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Sets the SINGLE type suffix, commonly "!". |
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Setting this to "" disables SINGLE suffix. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT STATEMENT char$ |
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Sets the shortcut STATEMENT seperator character, commonly ":". |
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Setting this to "" disables the STATEMENT seperator. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION PUNCT STRING char$ |
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Sets the STRING type suffix, commonly "$". |
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Setting this to "" disables STRING suffix. |
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Setting this to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION RECLEN integer |
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Sets the default record length for RANDOM files, commonly 128. |
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Setting thisto zero means there is no default RANDOM record |
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length, so the record length must be specified in the OPEN |
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statement. |
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With OPTION RECLEN 128: |
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OPEN "FILE.DAT" FOR RANDOM AS #3 |
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is considered to be the same as |
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OPEN "FILE.DAT" FOR RANDOM AS #3 LEN 128 |
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With OPTION RECLEN 0: |
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OPEN "FILE.DAT" FOR RANDOM AS #3 |
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causes an error. |
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* OPTION RENUM string$ |
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Sets the program name used by the RENUM command. |
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Setting this to "" disables RENUM command. |
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* OPTION SCALE integer |
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Sets the number of digits to round after the decimal point for PRINT. |
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Setting the value to zero disables rounding. |
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* OPTION USING DIGIT |
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* OPTION USING COMMA |
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* OPTION USING PERIOD |
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* OPTION USING PLUS |
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* OPTION USING MINUS |
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* OPTION USING EXRAD |
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* OPTION USING DOLLAR |
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* OPTION USING FILLER |
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* OPTION USING LITERAL |
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* OPTION USING FIRST |
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* OPTION USING ALL |
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* OPTION USING LENGTH |
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Sets the characters recognized by PRINT USING. |
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Setting these to a non-punctuation character is not supported. |
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* OPTION VERSION now requires a string instead of a literal. |
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Some version names have changed. |
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* OPTION VERSION "PDP-8" |
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Added LPT, PTP, PTR, TTY, TTY IN and TTY OUT commands. |
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Added GET() and PUT() functions. |
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* OPTION VERSION "CALL/360" |
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* OPTION VERSION "SYSTEM/360" |
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* OPTION VERSION "SYSTEM/370" |
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Added alphabet extenders. $ is a string variable. |
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* OPTION ZONE integer |
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Sets the PRINT zone width. |
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Setting the value to zero restores the default. |
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* REPEAT - UNTIL added |
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REPEAT |
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... |
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EXIT REPEAT |
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... |
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UNTIL expression ' exits when expression != 0 |
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* SPC( X ) and TAB( X ) |
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No longer use control codes. |
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* UNTIL - UEND removed (to add REPEAT - UNTIL) |
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Here is a work-around for existin code using UNTIL-UEND: |
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UNITL expression -->> WHILE NOT expression |
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... ... |
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EXIT UNTIL -->> EXIT WHILE |
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... ... |
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UEND -->> WEND |
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* from Howard Wulf, AF5NE |
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CHANGES FROM 3.00 to 3.10 |
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* Implements most of the following BASIC dialects: |
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OPTION VERSION DARTMOUTH ' Dartmouth DTSS BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION MARK-I ' GE 265 Mainframe BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION MARK-II ' GE 435 Mainframe BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION SYSTEM-360 ' IBM System/360 BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION SYSTEM-370 ' IBM System/370 BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION CBASIC-II ' CBASIC-II for CP/M |
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OPTION VERSION ECMA-55 ' ANSI Minimal BASIC |
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OPTION VERSION HANDBOOK1 ' The BASIC Handbook, 1st Edition |
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OPTION VERSION HANDBOOK2 ' The BASIC Handbook, 2nd Edition |
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OPTION VERSION TRS-80 ' TRS-80 Model I/III/4 LBASIC |
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OPTION VERSION BASIC-80 ' Microsoft BASIC-80 for Xenix |
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OPTION VERSION ECMA-116 ' ANSI Full BASIC |
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* from Howard Wulf, AF5NE |
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CHANGES FROM 2.61 to 3.00 |
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* Code redesign from Howard Wulf, AF5NE |
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CHANGES FROM 2.60 to 2.61 |
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* Bug fix from Matthias Rustler |
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CHANGES FROM 2.50 to 2.60 |
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* New maths functions and append mode support from Edmond Orignac |
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* Bug fixes |
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CHANGES FROM 2.40 to 2.50 |
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* Bug fixes |
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* New compilation procedure for MVS and CMS |
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CHANGES FROM 2.30 to 2.40 |
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* Bug fixes from Bill Chatfield |
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* Updated documentation |
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* Added support for compiling on CMS (another IBM mainframe OS) |
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CHANGES FROM 2.20pl2 to 2.30 |
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* Minor bug fixes, cosmetic improvements and portability improvements |
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* Added support for compiling on MVS (IBM mainframe) |
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CHANGES FROM 2.20pl1 to 2.20pl2 |
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bwb_cmd.c |
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Fixed calling stack level logic in RETURN statement to prevent erroneous |
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"RETURN without GOSUB" messages. |
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bwb_cnd.c |
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bwb_stc.c |
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Changed continuation condition for WHILE, ELSEIF, and LOOP UNTIL |
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to be != FALSE, not == TRUE. More in line with common commercial |
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BASIC implementations. |
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bwb_mth.c |
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Fixed initialization in VAL function so that old results are not later |
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returned as values. |
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bwb_var.c |
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Added parenthesis level checking to dim_getparams. Using multi-level |
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expressions as array subscripts was causing the program to bomb. |
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bwx_iqc.c |
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bwx_tty.c |
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bwb_mes.h |
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Added second copyright notice. |
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bwb_dio.c |
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bwb_str.c |
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Added support for strings longer than 255 characters. |
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bwb_prn.c |
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Disabled tab expansion and print width checks when not printing to a file. |
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bwb_inp.c |
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Fixed LINE INPUT file reads to accommodate strings of length MAXSTRINGSIZE. |
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bwx_ncu.h |
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bwx_ncu.c |
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New files. Code for UNIX ncurses interface, compliments of L.C. Benschop, |
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Eindhoven, The Netherlands. |
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Makefile.ncu |
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New files. Sample makefile for ncurses implementation. |
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bwbasic.h |
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Revised defines for MININTSIZE and MAXINTSIZE from 16-bit to 32-bit limits. |
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Revised define for MAXSTRINGSIZE from 255 to 5000 characters. |
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Changed string length from unsigned char to unsigned int to support strings |
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longer than 255 characters. |
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Added support for new ncurses package. |
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Revised VERSION define to reflect above changes. |
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CHANGES FROM 2.20 to 2.20pl1 |
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bwb_cnd.c |
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Moved init routine for bwb_while so that it would be initialized regardless |
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of expression value, not just if TRUE. This was causing some segmentation |
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faults in WHILE-WEND loops. |
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bwb_elx.c |
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Plugged gaping memory leak. Temp variable space for expression evaluation |
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was being allocated but not freed when done (oops!). |
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bwb_fnc.c |
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Added check for NULL return from getenv to prevent segmentation faults. |
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bwbasic.h |
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Revised VERSION define to reflect above changes. |
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CHANGES FROM 2.10 to 2.20: |
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* Plugged numerous memory leaks, resolved memory overruns and allocation |
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difficulties. |
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* General cleanup and bug fixes, too many to list in detail here. |
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The major problem areas addressed were: |
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- RUN command with file name argument |
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- nested and cascaded FOR-NEXT loops |
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- PRINT USING |
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- EOF, LOF functions |
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- string concatenation |
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- operator hierarchy |
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- multi-level expression evaluation |
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- hex constant interpretation |
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- hex and octal constants in INPUT and DATA statements |
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* Added a CLOSE all files feature (when no argument supplied). |
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* Added a unary minus sign operator. |
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* Added a MID$ command to complement the MID$ function. |
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* Added a RENUM facility in a standalone program. |
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* Added checking in configure for unistd.h (important on Sun systems). |
Ye Ol' π Shack
Jon Foster